CLIMATE CHANGE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
The international community has accepted that measures are required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. New Zealand as part of the South Pacific Forum has recognised climate change as one of the most significant threats to the region. In the last 8 years, New Zealand governments have failed to introduce measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and have instead encouraged industry to promote wasteful use rather than removing barriers to energy efficiency or introducing measures to price carbon emissions. If there are no changes in policies we will fail to meet the greenhouse gas reduction targets in the Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol and instead carbon dioxide emissions could rise by an estimated 20% by the year 2000 and 35-40% by 2005.

Political Parties should commit to:
 

Long-term goals

1. A staged reduction towards a long-term goal of reducing by 2020 greenhouse gases to levels that do not affect the climate. A 60% reduction in carbon dioxide and a 25% reduction in methane is required.
 

Specific goals

2. Adopt at least a 20% cut in 2008-2012 greenhouse gas emissions over 1990 levels and ratify the Kyoto Protocol to the Framework Convention on Climate Change.

3. A significant fiscally neutral carbon charge should be applied at a rate greater than $50/tonne CO2.

4. Enhance New Zealand’s carbon stores by controlling alien pests degrading native forests and by ending the logging and clearance of indigenous forests.

5. Reject the "net" approach while it suffers from great information uncertainties over the size and state of potential and actual carbon sinks and may not result in an actual reduction in atmospheric carbon dioxide.

6. Develop a national policy statement on climate change under the Resource Management Act to provide national consistency for the management of sources and potential sinks of greenhouse gases.
 

Energy transition measures

7. Pass the Energy Efficiency Bill and develop minimum energy performance standards.

8. Remove subsidies for roading both direct and implicit. Cross-subsidies between car users and heavy transport operators (who cause the greatest impact on roads) should be removed, as should the cross-subsidies between ratepayers and drivers. (See transport policy)

9. Remove government subsidies, tax breaks, and promotion activities on fossil fuel exploration and mining;

10. Implement a transition from fossil fuels to renewable sources, in particular wind and solar energy, including:

a) Removal of barriers to energy efficiency with the aim of an initial improvement by the year 2005 of 20 percent on 1995 levels and implementation of mandatory minimum energy performance standards.

b) Shift the Government’s entire energy research and development budget into energy efficiency and renewable energy by the year 2000 round of science funding decisions;

c) Continue the energy saver fund of $2.5m per year, to address the institutional and information barriers to energy efficiency.


Electricity sector

11. Overhaul energy pricing to reward consumers who conserve energy. This should include removal of fixed line charges.

12. Reject any sale to private interests of publicly owned electricity generation, transmission and distribution enterprises or assets until effective policies promoting energy efficiency, environmental protection and the protection of other public interests have been enshrined in law.

13. Oppose new hydro dams and thermal power stations in favour of sustainable alternatives and set goals for the installation of new renewable electricity sources by the year 2005. (Note renewables do not include medium and large-scale hydro).

For further information contact: Forest and Bird, ECO, Greenpeace

Environment and the Economy

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